Wireless signaling system.



G. MARGONI.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.9,1906.

924,560, Patented June 8, 1909.

.IH van or:

by WWW Attys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

GUGLIELMO MARCONI, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO MARCONI WIRELESS TELE- GRAPH COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1909.

Original application filed November 27, 1905, Serial No. 289,827. Divided and this application filed August 9,

1906. Serial No. 329,823.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUeLiELMoMARooNr, a subject of the King of Italy, residing in London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wireless Signaling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide improved means for communicating electrical signals without wires and by means .of Hertz waves or electrical oscillations of high frequency, by furnishing improved means for giving direction to the emitted waves at a transmitting station; and also furnishing improved means for receiving waves from a specified direction.

The present application is a division of my application Serial No. 289,327, filed November 27, 1905, and it is intended to include certain portions of the subject-matter disclosed in that application.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an improved receiving conductor constructed in accordance with my invention, and used at a receiving station, and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a modified form of my 1m roved conductor at a receiving station am also at a transmitting station.

In Fig. 1, A A denote a conductor of electricity supported in substantial parallelism with the surface of .the earth and divided at the middle. Between the two juxtaposed ends of theconductor A A is connected a detecting device M, which may be of any form, but which is referably a magnetic detector of the type w ich is now well known in the art. The divided conductor and the detecting device are entirely insulated from the earth. At the right-hand of the figure is shown diagrammatically a transmitting station located at a distance and comprising an elevated conductor Aof the type commonly used in Wireless signaling systems, provided with a spark-gap B in the secondary circuit S of a transformer; the primary of the transformer having in circuit therewith a generator of alternating currents and a circuit-closing key. This portion of the figure is intended merely as a diagrammatic representation of a well known type of transmitting apparatus, but the character of. the transmitting apparatus used does not affect my cillation transformer.

present invention, which, so far as this figure is concerned, is illustrated only at the receiving station at the left-hand of the figure. Though I have shown in this figure a transmitting station equipped with the well known elevated conductor, 1t is preferable to use at the transmitting station, as well as at the receiving station, my improved form of or nductor, divided into two parts and insulated from the earth, and having the spark-gap or generating circuit located between the juxtaposed ends of the divided conductor.

In Fig. 2 I have illustrated a modified form of my improved antenna, in which, instead of using a single conductor, I may use a number of conductors arranged parallel to one another in a horizontal plane. The left-hand side of this figure represents a transmitting station in which the transmittin conductor is composed of three parallel con ucting rods or wires A, A, A, divided at the middle and onnected to the secondary coil T 2 (if an os- The rimary T of this transformer is connected 1n a closed circuit with a spark-gap C, cargcity N, and the secondary of a-transformer The primary of this transformer is in circuit with a generator of alternating currents H and a circultclosing key K. This arrangement of oscillation transformer and related circuits is one which is now well known and commonly used in the art and is illustrated here merelyas a typical form, since the oscillatlon transformer and related circuits form no part of my present invention. On the right-hand of the figure is shown a receiving station providedwith an insulated conductor A A A, having amagnetic detector or other indicatin device M connected between its ends.

have found that if an antenna of the character described is used at a transmitting station, then the Hertz waves or etheric disturbances. are practically confined to a straight ath whlch is a prolongation of the line of t e antenna in both directions, al d that a receiver at a distance will be operated only if it is substantially within this straight path. The nearer the ground that the antenna is disposed, the more confined is the powerful but are not so restricted in direction, and the more the antenna is raised, the

tirely insulated from earth.

When my improved antenna is used at a receiving station with the detector connected between its juxtaposed ends, the detector is operated only by waves emitted from a generating center with respect to which the twopart horizontal receiving antenna is radially disposed, or, where my improved antenna is used at the transmitting station, the length of the two-part horizontal receiving antenna is substantially a continuation of the straight line of. the transmitting antenna. I have found that when this two-part horizontal insulated receiving antenna is used, the undesired and disturbing effects. of atmos heric waves are eliminated. I have foun furthermore, that the best effects are obtained when the length of-the horizontal antenna is that of one-quarter wave-length of the waves which are being used, or a multiple thereof, as illustrated by the dotted line in 1.

. It will be understood that while have illustrated two specific forms of my improved antenna, the invention is not limited to those two specific forms, nor is the invention in any way connected with the particular form of oscillation generating or conducting devices which are used at the transmitting and re ceiving stations.

What I claim as m invention and desire to secure by Letters atent, is:

An antenna for wireless signaling systems comprising a conductor consisting of two parts supported in substantial parallelism with the surface of the earth and suitable the oscillations impressed upon it and said conductor being situated in a vertical plane coincident with that passing through a (llS- tant station.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of 5 two subscribing witnesses.

GUGLIELMO MARCONI.

In the presence of:

H. KERSHAW, H. W. ALLEN. 

